物理重新安排的物体是体现剂的重要功能。视觉室的重新安排评估了代理在房间中重新安排对象的能力，仅基于视觉输入而获得所需的目标。我们为此问题提出了一种简单而有效的方法：（1）搜索并映射需要重新排列哪些对象，以及（2）重新排列每个对象，直到任务完成为止。我们的方法包括一个现成的语义分割模型，基于体素的语义图和语义搜索策略，以有效地找到需要重新排列的对象。在AI2 - 重新排列的挑战中，我们的方法改进了当前最新的端到端增强学习方法，这些方法从0.53％的正确重排达到16.56％，学习视觉重排政策，仅使用2.7％，仅使用2.7％来自环境的样本。

Computer vision has a great potential to help our daily lives by searching for lost keys, watering flowers or reminding us to take a pill.To succeed with such tasks, computer vision methods need to be trained from real and diverse examples of our daily dynamic scenes. While most of such scenes are not particularly exciting, they typically do not appear on YouTube, in movies or TV broadcasts. So how do we collect sufficiently many diverse but boring samples representing our lives? We propose a novel Hollywood in Homes approach to collect such data. Instead of shooting videos in the lab, we ensure diversity by distributing and crowdsourcing the whole process of video creation from script writing to video recording and annotation. Following this procedure we collect a new dataset, Charades, with hundreds of people recording videos in their own homes, acting out casual everyday activities. The dataset is composed of 9,848 annotated videos with an average length of 30 seconds, showing activities of 267 people from three continents, and over 15% of the videos have more than one person. Each video is annotated by multiple free-text descriptions, action labels, action intervals and classes of interacted objects. In total, Charades provides 27,847 video descriptions, 66,500 temporally localized intervals for 157 action classes and 41,104 labels for 46 object classes. Using this rich data, we evaluate and provide baseline results for several tasks including action recognition and automatic description generation. We believe that the realism, diversity, and casual nature of this dataset will present unique challenges and new opportunities for computer vision community.

Household environments are visually diverse. Embodied agents performing Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) in the wild must be able to handle this diversity, while also following arbitrary language instructions. Recently, Vision-Language models like CLIP have shown great performance on the task of zero-shot object recognition. In this work, we ask if these models are also capable of zero-shot language grounding. In particular, we utilize CLIP to tackle the novel problem of zero-shot VLN using natural language referring expressions that describe target objects, in contrast to past work that used simple language templates describing object classes. We examine CLIP's capability in making sequential navigational decisions without any dataset-specific finetuning, and study how it influences the path that an agent takes. Our results on the coarse-grained instruction following task of REVERIE demonstrate the navigational capability of CLIP, surpassing the supervised baseline in terms of both success rate (SR) and success weighted by path length (SPL). More importantly, we quantitatively show that our CLIP-based zero-shot approach generalizes better to show consistent performance across environments when compared to SOTA, fully supervised learning approaches when evaluated via Relative Change in Success (RCS).

通过强制了解输入中某些转换保留输出的知识，通常应用数据增强来提高深度学习的性能。当前，使用的数据扩大是通过人类的努力和昂贵的交叉验证来选择的，这使得应用于新数据集很麻烦。我们开发了一种基于梯度的方便方法，用于在没有验证数据的情况下和在深度神经网络的培训期间选择数据增强。我们的方法依赖于措辞增强作为先前分布的不变性，并使用贝叶斯模型选择学习，该模型已被证明在高斯过程中起作用，但尚未用于深神经网络。我们提出了一个可区分的Kronecker因拉普拉斯（Laplace）近似与边际可能性的近似，作为我们的目标，可以在没有人类监督或验证数据的情况下优化。我们表明，我们的方法可以成功地恢复数据中存在的不断增长，这提高了图像数据集的概括和数据效率。

最近应用于从密集护理单位收集的时间序列的机器学习方法的成功暴露了缺乏标准化的机器学习基准，用于开发和比较这些方法。虽然原始数据集（例如MIMIC-IV或EICU）可以在物理体上自由访问，但是选择任务和预处理的选择通常是针对每个出版物的ad-hoc，限制出版物的可比性。在这项工作中，我们的目标是通过提供覆盖大型ICU相关任务的基准来改善这种情况。使用HirID数据集，我们定义与临床医生合作开发的多个临床相关任务。此外，我们提供可重复的端到端管道，以构建数据和标签。最后，我们提供了对当前最先进的序列建模方法的深入分析，突出了这种类型数据的深度学习方法的一些限制。通过这款基准，我们希望为研究界提供合理比较的可能性。

Anomaly detection is an active research topic in many different fields such as intrusion detection, network monitoring, system health monitoring, IoT healthcare, etc. However, many existing anomaly detection approaches require either human intervention or domain knowledge, and may suffer from high computation complexity, consequently hindering their applicability in real-world scenarios. Therefore, a lightweight and ready-to-go approach that is able to detect anomalies in real-time is highly sought-after. Such an approach could be easily and immediately applied to perform time series anomaly detection on any commodity machine. The approach could provide timely anomaly alerts and by that enable appropriate countermeasures to be undertaken as early as possible. With these goals in mind, this paper introduces ReRe, which is a Real-time Ready-to-go proactive Anomaly Detection algorithm for streaming time series. ReRe employs two lightweight Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models to predict and jointly determine whether or not an upcoming data point is anomalous based on short-term historical data points and two long-term self-adaptive thresholds. Experiments based on real-world time-series datasets demonstrate the good performance of ReRe in real-time anomaly detection without requiring human intervention or domain knowledge.

Variational inference uses optimization, rather than integration, to approximate the marginal likelihood, and thereby the posterior, in a Bayesian model. Thanks to advances in computational scalability made in the last decade, variational inference is now the preferred choice for many high-dimensional models and large datasets. This tutorial introduces variational inference from the parametric perspective that dominates these recent developments, in contrast to the mean-field perspective commonly found in other introductory texts.

Knowledge graphs (KG) have served as the key component of various natural language processing applications. Commonsense knowledge graphs (CKG) are a special type of KG, where entities and relations are composed of free-form text. However, previous works in KG completion and CKG completion suffer from long-tail relations and newly-added relations which do not have many know triples for training. In light of this, few-shot KG completion (FKGC), which requires the strengths of graph representation learning and few-shot learning, has been proposed to challenge the problem of limited annotated data. In this paper, we comprehensively survey previous attempts on such tasks in the form of a series of methods and applications. Specifically, we first introduce FKGC challenges, commonly used KGs, and CKGs. Then we systematically categorize and summarize existing works in terms of the type of KGs and the methods. Finally, we present applications of FKGC models on prediction tasks in different areas and share our thoughts on future research directions of FKGC.

Few Shot Instance Segmentation (FSIS) requires models to detect and segment novel classes with limited several support examples. In this work, we explore a simple yet unified solution for FSIS as well as its incremental variants, and introduce a new framework named Reference Twice (RefT) to fully explore the relationship between support/query features based on a Transformer-like framework. Our key insights are two folds: Firstly, with the aid of support masks, we can generate dynamic class centers more appropriately to re-weight query features. Secondly, we find that support object queries have already encoded key factors after base training. In this way, the query features can be enhanced twice from two aspects, i.e., feature-level and instance-level. In particular, we firstly design a mask-based dynamic weighting module to enhance support features and then propose to link object queries for better calibration via cross-attention. After the above steps, the novel classes can be improved significantly over our strong baseline. Additionally, our new framework can be easily extended to incremental FSIS with minor modification. When benchmarking results on the COCO dataset for FSIS, gFSIS, and iFSIS settings, our method achieves a competitive performance compared to existing approaches across different shots, e.g., we boost nAP by noticeable +8.2/+9.4 over the current state-of-the-art FSIS method for 10/30-shot. We further demonstrate the superiority of our approach on Few Shot Object Detection. Code and model will be available.

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) for semantic segmentation is a promising task freeing people from heavy annotation work. However, domain discrepancies in low-level image statistics and high-level contexts compromise the segmentation performance over the target domain. A key idea to tackle this problem is to perform both image-level and feature-level adaptation jointly. Unfortunately, there is a lack of such unified approaches for UDA tasks in the existing literature. This paper proposes a novel UDA pipeline for semantic segmentation that unifies image-level and feature-level adaptation. Concretely, for image-level domain shifts, we propose a global photometric alignment module and a global texture alignment module that align images in the source and target domains in terms of image-level properties. For feature-level domain shifts, we perform global manifold alignment by projecting pixel features from both domains onto the feature manifold of the source domain; and we further regularize category centers in the source domain through a category-oriented triplet loss and perform target domain consistency regularization over augmented target domain images. Experimental results demonstrate that our pipeline significantly outperforms previous methods. In the commonly tested GTA5$\rightarrow$Cityscapes task, our proposed method using Deeplab V3+ as the backbone surpasses previous SOTA by 8%, achieving 58.2% in mIoU.